| Author | |
| Date and time | 2022-12-12 19:18:06.7 UTC |
| Latitude | 32.062 |
| Longitude | 141.758 |
| Depth | 10 |
| Magnitude | 4.9 mb |
| Region | IZU ISLANDS, JAPAN REGION |
| Latest update | 2022-12-12 19:31:38.3 UTC |
| rms | 1.23 s |
| N° phases used for the localisation | 192 |
| N° stations used for the localisation | 192 |
| Gap | 100.0 ° |
| 95% confidence ellipse | |
| semi major | 5.3 |
| semi minor | 4.5 |
| Azimuth | 94 ° |
| Location Type | manual |
Download data for this event
Note: links can take up to 20 minutes from the earthquake to become available
| Operating network | code | Distance° | EvAz | A/M | Phase | Pick time | Residual | T | Reporting network |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| JHJ2 | 1.940 | 303 | M | Pn | 2022-12-12 19:18:40.1 | 0.3 | T | NEIR | |
| JHJ2 | 1.940 | 303 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:18:40.7 | 0.9 | T | GFZ | |
| JHJ2 | 1.940 | 303 | M | S | 2022-12-12 19:19:06.0 | 1.7 | T | AUST | |
| JSG | 3.960 | 312 | M | Pn | 2022-12-12 19:19:07.5 | -0.1 | T | NEIR | |
| JGF | 5.090 | 315 | M | Pn | 2022-12-12 19:19:25.1 | 2 | T | NEIR | |
| JGF | 5.090 | 315 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:19:26.3 | 3.2 | T | GFZ | |
| INU | 5.130 | 311 | M | Pn | 2022-12-12 19:19:25.4 | 1.8 | T | NEIR | |
| MJA1 | 5.320 | 328 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:19:27.6 | 1.3 | T | MCSM | |
| MAJO | 5.350 | 328 | M | Pn | 2022-12-12 19:19:27.2 | 0.6 | T | NEIR | |
| MAJO | 5.350 | 328 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:19:28.3 | 1.7 | T | GFZ | |
| MJAR | 5.350 | 328 | M | Pn | 2022-12-12 19:19:27.3 | 0.7 | T | NEIR | |
| JMN | 6.830 | 286 | M | Pn | 2022-12-12 19:19:48.1 | 1.1 | T | NEIR | |
| JTM | 8.720 | 357 | M | Pn | 2022-12-12 19:20:11.7 | -1.3 | T | NEIR | |
| JTM | 8.720 | 357 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:20:12.0 | -1 | T | AUST | |
| ERM | 10.000 | 6 | M | Pn | 2022-12-12 19:20:26.6 | -3.8 | T | NEIR | |
| JKA | 12.050 | 3 | M | Pn | 2022-12-12 19:20:55.4 | -3.1 | T | NEIR | |
| USRK | 14.330 | 331 | M | Pn | 2022-12-12 19:21:28.3 | -1.3 | T | NEIR | |
| USA0B | 14.330 | 331 | M | Pn | 2022-12-12 19:21:28.3 | -1.4 | T | NEIR | |
| MDJ | 15.730 | 326 | M | Pn | 2022-12-12 19:21:48.3 | -0.1 | T | NEIR | |
| KLR | 18.720 | 339 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:22:23.9 | -1.6 | T | GSRC | |
| YHNB | 19.380 | 253 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:22:30.8 | -1.9 | T | NEIR | |
| YULB | 20.050 | 250 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:22:40.0 | 0.1 | T | NEIR | |
| SSLB | 20.130 | 251 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:22:42.3 | 1.5 | T | NEIR | |
| TPUB | 20.630 | 250 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:22:46.3 | 0.1 | T | NEIR | |
| BJT | 22.110 | 298 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:23:02.3 | 0.1 | T | MCSM | |
| HIA | 23.820 | 323 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:23:18.3 | -1.7 | T | NEIR | |
| ENH | 27.620 | 275 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:23:53.8 | -0.6 | T | MCSM | |
| DAV | 29.100 | 215 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:24:04.5 | -2.9 | T | GFZ | |
| ULN | 30.610 | 311 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:24:21.9 | 0.7 | T | NEIR | |
| YAK | 30.960 | 349 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:24:22.0 | -2.2 | T | NEIR | |
| TNTI | 33.990 | 206 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:24:49.8 | -0.4 | T | NEIR | |
| TLY | 33.960 | 317 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:24:50.5 | 0.1 | T | NEIR | |
| SANI | 37.110 | 207 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:25:15.4 | -1.6 | T | GFZ | |
| BILL | 38.700 | 14 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:25:31.6 | 0.5 | T | GSRC | |
| CRAI | 38.770 | 263 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:25:31.3 | 0 | T | NEIR | |
| TIXI | 40.210 | 354 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:25:42.7 | -1 | T | NEIR | |
| CHTO | 40.620 | 262 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:25:44.9 | -1.7 | T | NEIR | |
| CM31 | 40.780 | 261 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:25:46.2 | -1.7 | T | NEIR | |
| NPW | 42.550 | 265 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:01.1 | -1.3 | T | NEIR | |
| DGZ | 43.660 | 310 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:12.6 | 0.7 | T | GSRC | |
| ATNI | 44.020 | 204 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:14.5 | 0.3 | T | AUST | |
| MMRI | 44.600 | 208 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:21.0 | 2.2 | T | SC3 | |
| SOEI | 44.860 | 205 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:19.6 | -1.4 | T | NEIR | |
| EDFI | 44.930 | 209 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:21.0 | -0.5 | T | AUST | |
| ZALV | 45.560 | 316 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:26.8 | -0.1 | T | GSRC | |
| ZSN | 45.650 | 307 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:26.1 | -1.6 | T | GSRC | |
| COEN | 45.820 | 178 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:31.2 | 2.7 | T | AUST | |
| MTN | 45.840 | 195 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:27.9 | -0.7 | T | NEIR | |
| PLAI | 46.710 | 214 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:32.9 | -2.6 | T | NEIR | |
| TWSI | 47.060 | 215 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:37.9 | -0.3 | T | AUST | |
| MKAR | 47.120 | 306 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:39.9 | 0.7 | T | GSRC | |
| MK31 | 47.120 | 306 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:40.0 | 0.8 | T | AUST | |
| NRIK | 47.880 | 337 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:43.9 | -1.3 | T | NEIR | |
| KKN | 48.680 | 281 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:50.4 | -0.9 | T | NEIR | |
| KNRA | 49.120 | 197 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:52.1 | -2 | T | NEIR | |
| KURK | 49.310 | 312 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:55.2 | -0.9 | T | NEIR | |
| C19K | 49.290 | 24 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:56.1 | -0.1 | T | NEIR | |
| PDGK | 49.490 | 302 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:57.8 | 0.5 | T | AUST | |
| J19K | 49.700 | 31 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:59.7 | 0.5 | T | NEIR | |
| E19K | 49.710 | 26 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:26:58.9 | -0.4 | T | NEIR | |
| MTSU | 50.020 | 177 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:02.8 | 1.8 | T | GFZ | |
| J20K | 50.360 | 31 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:04.6 | 0.3 | T | NEIR | |
| PRZ | 50.410 | 301 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:05.4 | 0.8 | T | NEIR | |
| ARXS | 50.530 | 303 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:06.0 | 0.5 | T | GSRC | |
| IMAR | 50.780 | 28 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:07.6 | 0.1 | T | NEIR | |
| TARG | 50.980 | 300 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:09.3 | 0.1 | T | NEIR | |
| SPCP | 51.000 | 35 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:09.2 | -0.1 | T | NEIR | |
| KDJ | 51.360 | 301 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:11.9 | 0.1 | T | NEIR | |
| L22K | 51.720 | 33 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:14.0 | -0.6 | T | NEIR | |
| SLKM | 51.910 | 36 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:15.2 | -0.7 | T | NEIR | |
| ASAI | 52.100 | 299 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:18.2 | 0.7 | T | GFZ | |
| BOOM | 52.200 | 302 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:18.0 | 0 | T | NEIR | |
| FITZ | 52.260 | 200 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:17.9 | 0.1 | T | NEIR | |
| G23K | 52.360 | 28 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:18.8 | -0.6 | T | NEIR | |
| C23K | 52.540 | 24 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:20.9 | 0.3 | T | NEIR | |
| NEA2 | 52.590 | 30 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:20.7 | -0.3 | T | NEIR | |
| JNKS | 52.710 | 300 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:22.3 | 0.4 | T | NEIR | |
| TOLK | 52.740 | 25 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:23.7 | 1.5 | T | AUST | |
| KNK | 52.780 | 34 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:21.7 | -0.7 | T | NEIR | |
| SML | 52.840 | 34 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:22.7 | -0.2 | T | NEIR | |
| BTLS | 53.050 | 305 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:24.2 | 0 | T | GSRC | |
| BRZS | 53.160 | 311 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:25.6 | 0.5 | T | GSRC | |
| H24K | 53.160 | 29 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:25.1 | -0.2 | T | NEIR | |
| AAK | 53.210 | 302 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:26.1 | 0.6 | T | NEIR | |
| SCM | 53.320 | 34 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:25.9 | -0.5 | T | NEIR | |
| G24K | 53.370 | 28 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:26.5 | -0.3 | T | NEIR | |
| HDA | 53.500 | 31 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:26.5 | -1.2 | T | NEIR | |
| ILAR | 53.540 | 30 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:26.1 | -1.9 | T | NEIR | |
| IL31 | 53.540 | 30 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:28.1 | 0.2 | T | MCSM | |
| BORK | 54.210 | 315 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:33.2 | 0.4 | T | SC3 | |
| FYU | 54.260 | 28 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:35.8 | 2.6 | T | AUST | |
| C26K | 54.500 | 24 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:34.8 | -0.2 | T | NEIR | |
| BMAR | 54.530 | 27 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:35.4 | 0.1 | T | NEIR | |
| ARSB | 54.610 | 301 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:36.5 | 0.8 | T | NEIR | |
| SCRK | 54.800 | 31 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:37.3 | 0 | T | NEIR | |
| ARK | 55.230 | 301 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:39.9 | -0.3 | T | NEIR | |
| E27K | 55.660 | 26 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:42.0 | -1.5 | T | NEIR | |
| BCAR | 55.840 | 32 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:44.9 | 0.2 | T | NEIR | |
| TRKS | 55.900 | 301 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:44.6 | -0.4 | T | NEIR | |
| AS01 | 55.960 | 189 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:44.7 | -0.2 | T | MCSM | |
| ASAR | 55.970 | 189 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:44.1 | -0.8 | T | NEIR | |
| AS31 | 55.970 | 189 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:45.5 | 0.6 | T | AUST | |
| KKAR | 55.950 | 303 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:45.7 | 0.4 | T | NEIR | |
| BTK | 56.520 | 300 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:48.7 | -0.7 | T | NEIR | |
| NIL | 56.570 | 292 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:49.8 | 0.2 | T | NEIR | |
| BRLS | 56.620 | 303 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:51.9 | 1.9 | T | GSRC | |
| MBWA | 57.020 | 205 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:52.4 | 0.1 | T | NEIR | |
| PSAC2 | 57.330 | 204 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:55.1 | 0.5 | T | AUST | |
| PSA00 | 57.360 | 204 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:27:53.3 | -1.4 | T | NEIR | |
| WRKA | 58.270 | 194 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:28:02.1 | 0.9 | T | AUST | |
| INK | 58.640 | 26 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:28:04.5 | 0 | T | GFZ | |
| WHY | 59.410 | 35 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:28:11.2 | 1.2 | T | AUST | |
| INKA | 59.530 | 181 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:28:10.0 | 0.1 | T | MCSM | |
| ARTI | 60.380 | 321 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:28:15.5 | -0.9 | T | NEIR | |
| ABKAR | 61.390 | 313 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:28:23.0 | -0.2 | T | NEIR | |
| LCRK | 62.310 | 184 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:28:31.7 | 2.9 | T | AUST | |
| YAPP | 63.720 | 183 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:28:40.1 | 1.9 | T | AUST | |
| FORT | 63.890 | 193 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:28:39.1 | -0.2 | T | NEIR | |
| KIRV | 64.360 | 325 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:28:43.0 | -0.1 | T | GSRC | |
| NAPP | 65.040 | 183 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:28:48.9 | 2.1 | T | AUST | |
| KUKN | 65.380 | 24 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:28:48.6 | -1.3 | T | NEIR | |
| MORW | 65.580 | 205 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:28:49.9 | -0.4 | T | NEIR | |
| WATNG | 66.380 | 202 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:28:56.1 | 0.6 | T | AUST | |
| KORDA | 66.740 | 203 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:28:56.1 | -1.7 | T | AUST | |
| BLDU | 66.760 | 203 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:28:58.9 | 1 | T | AUST | |
| KLBR | 67.320 | 202 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:01.9 | 0.5 | T | GFZ | |
| BELG | 67.620 | 319 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:04.0 | 0 | T | GSRC | |
| YKAB6 | 67.900 | 29 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:05.0 | -0.9 | T | MCSM | |
| YKA | 67.910 | 29 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:05.7 | -0.3 | T | GSRC | |
| NWAO | 68.720 | 202 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:09.6 | -0.6 | T | NEIR | |
| DAG | 70.650 | 355 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:22.9 | -0.2 | T | GFZ | |
| GBS | 71.900 | 307 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:29.0 | -1.3 | T | RSSC | |
| XNQ | 72.150 | 308 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:30.7 | -1.3 | T | RSSC | |
| OBN | 72.200 | 325 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:32.2 | -0.1 | T | MCSM | |
| QBL | 72.460 | 308 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:32.3 | -1.4 | T | RSSC | |
| ASTR | 72.910 | 305 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:35.0 | -1.2 | T | RSSC | |
| ZKT | 72.910 | 309 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:35.2 | -1.2 | T | RSSC | |
| EDM | 73.030 | 37 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:36.5 | -0.7 | T | NEIR | |
| YRD | 73.120 | 306 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:36.3 | -1.5 | T | RSSC | |
| GANJ | 73.610 | 308 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:39.1 | -1.4 | T | RSSC | |
| UOSS | 73.670 | 290 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:40.1 | -0.4 | T | NEIR | |
| GDB | 73.960 | 308 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:41.3 | -1.4 | T | RSSC | |
| NCK | 74.020 | 312 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:44.0 | 1.1 | T | GSRC | |
| QZX | 74.050 | 309 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:42.0 | -1.1 | T | RSSC | |
| KBZ | 74.350 | 312 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:45.4 | 0.6 | T | GSRC | |
| KIV | 74.370 | 312 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:44.8 | -0.3 | T | NEIR | |
| SHA1 | 74.500 | 312 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:47.9 | 1.9 | T | GSRC | |
| ORD | 74.660 | 307 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:45.3 | -1.3 | T | RSSC | |
| NEUR | 74.700 | 312 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:47.5 | 0.4 | T | GSRC | |
| GNI | 74.910 | 308 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:50.4 | 2.2 | T | GSRC | |
| BMO | 75.080 | 46 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:29:51.0 | 1.8 | T | AUST | |
| HLID | 77.520 | 46 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:05.2 | 2 | T | GFZ | |
| FFC | 77.660 | 32 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:04.9 | 1 | T | MCSM | |
| NV02 | 77.730 | 52 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:04.8 | 0.5 | T | MCSM | |
| PABE | 77.840 | 329 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:05.2 | 0.3 | T | MCSM | |
| BOZ | 78.050 | 43 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:08.0 | 1.9 | T | AUST | |
| AK03 | 78.330 | 323 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:07.1 | -0.5 | T | MCSM | |
| AKASG | 78.350 | 323 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:07.3 | -0.3 | T | NEIR | |
| AKBB | 78.350 | 323 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:07.5 | -0.1 | T | MCSM | |
| KIEV | 78.360 | 323 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:06.9 | -0.8 | T | NEIR | |
| AK08 | 78.370 | 323 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:07.6 | -0.2 | T | MCSM | |
| AK21 | 78.390 | 323 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:07.0 | -0.9 | T | MCSM | |
| AK05 | 78.410 | 323 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:07.7 | -0.3 | T | MCSM | |
| AK18 | 78.410 | 323 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:07.5 | -0.5 | T | MCSM | |
| MRZ | 78.890 | 154 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:08.9 | -1 | T | NEIR | |
| MI28 | 78.990 | 324 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:11.4 | 0.2 | T | MCSM | |
| BFZ | 79.150 | 154 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:10.1 | -1.3 | T | NEIR | |
| LUBAR | 79.570 | 323 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:14.4 | 0.1 | T | MCSM | |
| KHZ | 79.720 | 157 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:14.3 | -0.1 | T | MCSM | |
| RNPP8 | 79.630 | 325 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:15.4 | 0.7 | T | MCSM | |
| BAL3X | 79.820 | 321 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:15.9 | 0.2 | T | MCSM | |
| GWY | 80.020 | 53 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:18.3 | 1.5 | T | AUST | |
| DUG | 80.370 | 48 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:20.8 | 2.1 | T | GFZ | |
| PD08 | 80.900 | 45 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:22.3 | 0.6 | T | MCSM | |
| BW06 | 80.910 | 45 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:21.0 | -0.8 | T | NEIR | |
| PDAR | 80.910 | 45 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:21.1 | -0.7 | T | NEIR | |
| CCUT | 81.490 | 51 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:24.1 | -0.7 | T | NEIR | |
| TCRU | 81.490 | 50 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:24.9 | 0.1 | T | NEIR | |
| BR131 | 82.330 | 313 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:29.3 | 0.2 | T | MCSM | |
| BRTR | 82.330 | 313 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:29.4 | 0.3 | T | GSRC | |
| VRI | 82.640 | 321 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:32.5 | 1.8 | T | GFZ | |
| RAYN | 82.840 | 293 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:31.6 | 0.2 | T | NEIR | |
| OJC | 83.250 | 327 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:34.5 | 0.6 | T | AUST | |
| TRPA | 83.350 | 324 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:35.3 | 1 | T | GFZ | |
| ARR | 84.090 | 321 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:39.2 | 1 | T | GFZ | |
| MORC | 84.600 | 328 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:44.7 | 3.8 | T | SC3 | |
| PSZ | 84.790 | 325 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:45.7 | 3.9 | T | SC3 | |
| GHAJ | 85.940 | 305 | A | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:49.2 | 2.1 | T | SC3 | |
| ECSD | 87.570 | 38 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:30:55.5 | 0.1 | T | AUST | |
| TX04 | 92.880 | 53 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:31:21.6 | 1.5 | T | MCSM | |
| TXAR | 92.890 | 53 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:31:20.1 | 0 | T | NEIR | |
| TX31 | 92.890 | 53 | M | P | 2022-12-12 19:31:21.2 | 1.1 | T | MCSM |